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KMID : 0381120150370030223
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Genes and Genomics
2015 Volume.37 No. 3 p.223 ~ p.229
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Function of TET proteins in germ cell reprogramming
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Hong Kwon-Ho
Kim Yun-Ji
Choi Young-Sok
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Abstract
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Role of DNA methylation has been implicated in diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation, survival and reprogramming. Although the mechanism for DNA methylation has been relatively well characterized, proteins responsible for DNA demethylation had been elusive until recently. In 2009, Tahiliani et al. demonstrated that human ten-to-eleven translocation (TET) proteins can convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Subsequent studies also revealed that 5hmC can be further oxidized into 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxycytosine by TET proteins. So far, evidence from numerous studies suggests that TET-mediated 5mC oxidation plays important roles in transcriptional regulation, development and cellular reprogramming including in vitro iPS cell generation and in vivo germ cell reprogramming. Among them, recent progress in elucidating TET protein function and significance of 5mC oxidative derivatives in germ cell biology will be discussed in this review.
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KEYWORD
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TET, Reprogramming, DNA methylation, Germ cell
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